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Quantification of seepage in a multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer system

Jiang LI, Haizhu HU, Xiaomin MAO, Yi LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 237-245 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017135

摘要： Quantification of seepage in disconnected river-aquifer systems is significant for local water management and groundwater pollution control, especially in areas with water shortage or contamination. The vadose zone under riverbeds usually exhibits a multi-layered structure, particularly when paved with low permeability liners. To evaluate the impact of engineering solutions to seepage under such conditions, we proposed an approach by combining GIS and the minimum flux in saturation layer (MFSL) method. MFSL can calculate the stable seepage rate by assessing the dominant low permeability layers (including but not limited to the liners) in multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer systems. We used MFSL to calculate local seepage rate, and used GIS to extend the results to a regional scale. The reliability of MFSL is discussed by comparing the results with the double ring infiltration test, the numerical simulation by HYDRUS, and the methods of stream package in MODFLOW, including its improved form. A case study was conducted in the Yongding River with river-aquifer seepage calculated under various conditions, including different river water levels (i.e., under the designated water level, drought stage level, flood stage level and flood inundation level) and with/without low permeability liners (i.e., ecological membranes or geomembrane). Results showed that low permeability liners could greatly reduce the seepage rate. However, if an unlined inundation area exists, the seepage rate may increase greatly. The results indicated that the proposed method was reliable and convenient for calculating long-term, large area seepage in disconnected river-aquifer systems especially those paved with liners.

关键词： infiltration     low permeability liner     multi-layered porous media     river-aquifer seepage    

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Foundations bearing capacity subjected to seepage by the kinematic approach of the limit analysis

Mehdi VEISKARAMI, Ghasem HABIBAGAHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 446-455 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0227-5

摘要： An estimate of the ultimate load on foundations on soil layers subject to groundwater flow has been presented. The kinematic approach of the limit analysis was employed to find the upper-bound limit of the bearing capacity. Both smooth and rough base strip foundations were considered associated with different collapse patterns. Presence of the groundwater flow leads to a non-symmetric collapse pattern, i.e., a weak side and a strong side in two-sided collapse patterns, depending on the direction of the flow. It was found that the bearing capacity has a decreasing trend with increase in the groundwater flow gradient and hence, a reduction factor has been introduced to the third term in the bearing capacity equation as a function of the flow gradient.

关键词： foundation     bearing capacity     limit analysis     numerical computation     plasticity     seepage    

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Surficial stability analysis of soil slope under seepage based on a novel failure mode

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 712-726 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0729-5

摘要： Normally, the edge effects of surficial landslides are not considered in the infinite slope method for surficial stability analysis of soil slopes. In this study, the limit stress state and discrimination equation of an infinite slope under saturated seepage flow were analyzed based on the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion. Therefore, a novel failure mode involving three sliding zones (upper tension zone, middle shear sliding zone, and lower compression zone) was proposed. Accordingly, based on the limit equilibrium analysis, a semi-analytical framework considering the edge effect for the surficial stability of a soil slope under downslope seepage was established. Subsequently, the new failure mode was verified via a numerical finite element analysis based on the reduced strength theory with ABAQUS and some simplified methods using SLIDE software. The results obtained by the new failure mode agree well with those obtained by the numerical analysis and traditional simplified methods, and can be efficiently used to assess the surficial stability of soil slopes under rainwater seepage. Finally, an evaluation of the infinite slope method was performed using the semi-analytical method proposed in this study. The results show that the infinite slope tends to be conservative because the edge effect is neglected, particularly when the ratio of surficial slope length to depth is relatively small.

关键词： soil slope     seepage     surficial failure mode     stress state     edge effects    

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Seepage analysis of Upper Gotvand Dam concerning gypsum karstification (2D and 3D approaches)

Jamshid SADREKARIMI, Majid KIYANI, Behnam FAKHRI, Mohammad Javad VAHDATIRAD, Amin BARARI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 71-78 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0083-5

摘要： Upper Gotvand Dam is constructed on the Karun River at the south west of Iran. In this paper, 2D and 3D models of the dam together with the foundation and abutments were established, and several seepage analyses were carried out. Then, the gypsum veins that are scattered throughout the foundation ground were included in the models, and the seepage pattern, considering the dissolution law of gypsum, was analyzed. It was disclosed that the discharge fluxes obtained from 2D and 3D analyses are not similar, and the discharge flux in 3D model is about four times that of the 2D model. Also, the 3D model locates the phreatic surface somewhat higher than the 2D model. This means that the 2D model estimates lower pore water pressure pattern in comparison with the 3D model. These may be attributed to the fact that with 2D model the lateral components of vectors of seepage velocity are ignored. In the current case, the rate of increase of discharge flux due to dissolution of gypsum veins was obtained to be a third-order function of the aperture width. In spite of the fact that the grout curtain is designed to be about 170 m deep, however, complete dissolve of gypsum will severely increase the discharge flux through the foundation ground.

关键词： Upper Gotvand Dam     seepage analysis     gypsum veins     3D model     discharge flux    

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Permeability analysis and seepage process study on crystal layer in melt crystallization with fractal

Xiaobin JIANG, Baohong HOU, Yongli WANG, Jingkang WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 435-441 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1139-3

摘要： In this paper a porous media seepage model was applied to analyze the permeability and study the seepage process of crystal pillar formed in the preparation of electronic grade phosphoric acid (EGPA). By inspecting the seeping process, the structure parameter of crystal pillar could be obtained. Two basic ideal models (perfectly separated model and perfectly connected model) were presented and a characterized factor was introduced to modify the model. A good simulation result was obtained which met the experiment result well. The relationship between and permeability were also discussed. The characterized factor showed potential application on optimizing process.

关键词： melt crystallization     porous media     fractal     permeability     hyperpure material     simulation    

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Application of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis in seepage monitoring of RCC dam

Chongshi GU, Zhijun ZHANG, Xin CAI, Yue HOU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 105-111 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0015-4

摘要： Taking account of the fuzzy results of the seepage monitoring analysis of roller compacted concrete (RCC) dam and uncertainties of the individual indicator evaluation, the fuzzy matter-element model of seepage monitoring of RCC dam analysis has been established with the use of the fuzzy matter-element analysis theory and the concept of euclid approach degree. The use of entropy theory can calculate the weighting factor through the disorder utility values of the information reflected by the data itself, which can effectively avoid the problems of weight distribution and uncertainties of subjective judgments of the seepage monitoring analysis of roller compacted concrete dam. And further the example shows that the analysis of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis model of the seepage monitoring of roller compacted concrete dam is in accordance with the actual situation, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： information entropy     fuzzy matter-element     roller compacted concrete (RCC) dam     seepage analysis    

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Seepage failure by heave in sheeted excavation pits constructed in stratified cohesionless soils

Serdar KOLTUK, Jie SONG, Recep IYISAN, Rafig AZZAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1415-1431 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0565-z

摘要： In this study, experimental and numerical investigations are performed to clarify the seepage failure by heave in sheeted excavation pits in stratified cohesionless soils in which a relatively permeable soil layer ( ) lies above a less permeable soil layer ( ) between excavation base and wall tip. It is shown that the evaluation of base stabilities of excavation pits against seepage failure by using Terzaghi and Peck’s approach leads to considerably lower critical potential differences than those obtained from the model tests. On the other hand, a relatively good agreement is achieved between the results of the model tests and the finite element (FE) analyses. Further investigations are performed by using axisymmetric excavation models with various dimensions and ground conditions, and a comparison between the results obtained from Terzaghi and Peck’s approach and finite element analyses is given.

关键词： seepage failure by heave     cohesionless stratified soil     model test     Terzaghi and Peck’s approach     FE analysis    

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Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 227-235 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0219-9

摘要： Previous studies on river health evaluation mainly focused on characterizations at a river-corridor scale and ignored the complex interactions between the river ecosystem and other components of the river basin. Based on the consideration of the interactions among rivers, associated river basin and habitats, an assessment framework with multi-scale indicators was developed. An index system divided among these three scales to characterize the health of river ecosystems in China’s Liao River Basin was established. Set pair analysis was applied to integrate the multi-scale indicators and determine the health classes. The evaluation results indicated that the rivers in the western and eastern zones of the Liao River were classified as sick, and rivers in the main stream of the Liao and Huntai rivers were classified as unhealthy. An excessive level of disturbances, such as large pollution loads and dense construction of water conservation projects within the river basin, were the main causes of the river health deterioration.

关键词： multi-scale characterization     river health evaluation     Liao River Basin     set pair analysis    

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Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 431-436 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0183-5

摘要： A zoned embankment dam is founded on clay underlain by a sand deposit. Major seepage phenomena were noticed in the foundation downstream from the dam where the vertical seepage forces in the sand layer were expected to exceed the downward forces due to the overlying clay. Modern technologies were applied to delineate critical zones to help design optimal rehabilitation measures. A global electromagnetic survey was carried out to detect and map the main sources, pathways and exits of seepage. Based on these global findings, a more detailed analysis was then conducted to identify zones where thickness of the foundation clay is minimal, pore pressures in sand are higher and thus where the factor of safety against uplift is lower and internal erosion is more likely to occur. Clay thickness evaluation required the determination of land surface as well as clay-sand contact elevations. A laser airborne survey was performed to model the land surface elevation. Data concerning the clay-sand contact elevation came from the interpreted stratigraphy based on a series of boreholes and cone penetration tests. This data was combined in a geostatistical model along with the measured piezometric levels in the foundation. This resulted in a contour map showing factors of safety against uplift over the entire downstream area. The use of modern technologies, namely electromagnetic and laser surveys as well as geostatistical tools, was instrumental in defining the limits of an otherwise spread-out problem and to provide an optimal solution, in terms of costs and effectiveness, for the long-term stabilization of the foundation.

关键词： seepage detection     geostatistical analysis     dam monitoring     internal erosion     LIDAR survey    

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Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1073-1096 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0758-0

摘要： Microbial geotechnology or biogeotechnology is a new branch of geotechnical engineering. It involves the use of microbiology for traditional geotechnical applications. Many new innovative soil improvement methods have been developed in recent years based on this approach. A proper understanding of the various approaches and the performances of different methods can help researchers and engineers to develop the most appropriate geotechnical solutions. At present, most of the methods can be categorized into three major types, biocementation, bioclogging, and biogas desaturation. Similarities and differences of different approaches and their potential applications are reviewed. Factors affecting the different processes are also discussed. Examples of up-scaled model tests and pilot trials are presented to show the emerging applications. The challenges and problems of biogeotechnology are also discussed.

关键词： biogeotechnology     biocementation     bioclogging     biogas     strength enhancement     liquefaction mitigation     seepage control    

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环境同位素示踪方法研究新安江右坝肩绕坝渗流

陈建生,刘建刚,董海洲,陈亮

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第1期   页码 57-63

摘要：

通过分析新安江右坝区环境水中的同位素2H，18O，3H以及温度与电导分布，研究新安江右坝存在的绕坝渗流场。环境同位素数据证实了右坝肩基岩中存在着绕坝渗漏，排水廊道中的排水既有边坡降雨入渗，又有库水的绕坝肩补给，排水廊道扇形孔中的渗水完全来自于绕坝肩的库水渗漏。3E1-1扬压力升高的原因是由于F0断层渗漏造成的结果，但6坝段和7坝段下部的F1断层基本上不存在渗漏,灌浆廊道G7-4排水孔中渗水中的3H高达19.54TU，证实该渗漏水来自坝后区的降雨补给。右坝肩观测孔R3和R6等孔中发现绕坝库水成分，环境同位素数据同时证实了人工示踪方法得到的结论。

关键词： 环境同位素     绕坝渗流     大气降水     水库    

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Stable expression and control parameters in the numerical simulation of unsaturated flow

Zhiyuan ZHANG; Xu LI; Yongkang WU; Xiaokang LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1501-1514 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0893-2

摘要： The Richards’ equation describes the flow phenomenon in unsaturated porous media and is essential to hydrology and environmental science. This study evaluated the numerical stability of two different forms of the Richards’ equation. Sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate the control parameters of the equation. The results show that the h-form Richards’ equation has better applicability for calculating variable saturation flows than the θ-form Richards’ equation. For the h-form Richards’ equation, the hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the low-suction range and the specific moisture capacity in the high-suction range primarily influenced the solution. In addition, sensitivity analyses indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity, initial condition, and air-entry pressure have a higher sensitivity to the simulation results than the saturated water content, rainfall intensity, and decline rate of hydraulic conductivity. Moreover, their correctness needs to be guaranteed first in numerical simulations. The research findings can provide a helpful reference for improving the reliability of numerical simulations of unsaturated flows.

关键词： Richards’ equation     sensitivity analysis     unsaturated soil     hydraulic diffusivity     seepage simulation    

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Alluvial channel hydrodynamics around tandem piers with downward seepage

Rutuja CHAVAN, Wenxin HUAI, Bimlesh KUMAR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1445-1461 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0648-x

摘要： In this paper, we report the turbulent flow structures and the scour geometry around two piers with different diameters. An experiment was conducted on a non-uniform sand bed with two types of tandem arrangements, namely, pier (T1) with a 75 mm front and 90 mm rear, and pier (T2) with a 90 mm front and 75 mm rear, with and without-seepage flows, respectively. A strong wake region was observed behind the piers, but the vortex strength diminished with downward seepage. Streamwise velocity was found to be maximum near the bed downstream of the piers and at the edge of the scour hole upstream of the piers. Quadrant analysis was used to recognize the susceptible region for sediment entrainment and deposition. Upstream of the piers near the bed, the moments, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and TKE fluxes were found to decrease with downward seepage, in contrast to those in a plane mobile bed without piers. The reduction percentages of scour depth at the rear pier compared with the front one were approximately 40% for T1 and 60% for T2. Downward seepage also resulted in restrained growth of scouring with time.

关键词： scour     seepage     Strouhal number     tandem arrangement     turbulent characteristics    

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Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023511

摘要：

● Cash crops and livestock production in Yangtze River Basin has grown rapidly.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development     crop production     livestock production     multi-pollutant models     multiple pollutants     Yangtze River Basin    

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Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 243-254 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0276-0

摘要： The rapid urbanization of China is causing a burden on their water resources and hindering their sustainable development. This paper analyzes effective methods to integrated river basin management (IRBM) using Longgang River basin of Shenzhen as an example, which is the city with the fastest rate of urbanization in China and even the whole world. Over the past 20 years, China has undergone a population boom due to the increase of immigrant workers and rapid development of labor-intensive industries, which led to the sharp increase of water consumption and sewage discharge. However, the construction of the water infrastructure is still lagging far behind the environmental and social development, with only 32.7% of sewage in the district being treated. Currently, every water quality indicator of the Longgang River basin was unable to meet the required corresponding environmental standards, which further aggravated the water shortages of the region. Thus, an analytical framework is proposed to address the IRBM of the study area. The problems with the current management system include the lack of decentralization in decision-making, lack of enforcement with redundant plans, weak management capacity, financial inadequacy, and a poor system of stakeholder participation. In light of the principles of IRBM and the situation of the region, corresponding measures are put forward, including an increase of power given to sub-district offices, fewer but more feasible plans, capacity building among stakeholders, a combination of planning and marketing for overcoming financial inadequacy, and profound reform in the public participation system. The framework and institutional suggestions could inform similar processes in other representative river basins.

关键词： integrated river basin management (IRBM) model     Longgang River basin     Shenzhen     decentralization     stakeholder participation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Quantification of seepage in a multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer system

Jiang LI, Haizhu HU, Xiaomin MAO, Yi LIU

期刊论文

Foundations bearing capacity subjected to seepage by the kinematic approach of the limit analysis

Mehdi VEISKARAMI, Ghasem HABIBAGAHI

期刊论文

Surficial stability analysis of soil slope under seepage based on a novel failure mode

期刊论文

Seepage analysis of Upper Gotvand Dam concerning gypsum karstification (2D and 3D approaches)

Jamshid SADREKARIMI, Majid KIYANI, Behnam FAKHRI, Mohammad Javad VAHDATIRAD, Amin BARARI

期刊论文

Permeability analysis and seepage process study on crystal layer in melt crystallization with fractal

Xiaobin JIANG, Baohong HOU, Yongli WANG, Jingkang WANG

期刊论文

Application of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis in seepage monitoring of RCC dam

Chongshi GU, Zhijun ZHANG, Xin CAI, Yue HOU

期刊论文

Seepage failure by heave in sheeted excavation pits constructed in stratified cohesionless soils

Serdar KOLTUK, Jie SONG, Recep IYISAN, Rafig AZZAM

期刊论文

Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

期刊论文

Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

期刊论文

Recent development in biogeotechnology and its engineering applications

期刊论文

环境同位素示踪方法研究新安江右坝肩绕坝渗流

陈建生,刘建刚,董海洲,陈亮

期刊论文

Stable expression and control parameters in the numerical simulation of unsaturated flow

Zhiyuan ZHANG; Xu LI; Yongkang WU; Xiaokang LI

期刊论文

Alluvial channel hydrodynamics around tandem piers with downward seepage

Rutuja CHAVAN, Wenxin HUAI, Bimlesh KUMAR

期刊论文

Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

期刊论文

Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

期刊论文